6 compounds
Cellular
Mitochondrial, antioxidant and immune-signalling research
L-Glutathione
Studied in how cells balance oxidation and handle reactive compounds.
NAD+
Studied in mitochondrial metabolism and in sirtuin-pathway models of cellular ageing.
SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Studied for binding cardiolipin, a phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Thymosin Alpha-1
Studied in T-cell maturation and innate-immune signalling models.
Biotin
Studied as the cofactor for carboxylase enzymes in fatty-acid and amino-acid metabolism.
B-Complex
Studied together in combination protocols: the B-group vitamins, rather than one at a time.
Cellular research
All articlesWhat the published literature on these compounds actually examined — the model, the endpoint, and the result.
Cellular
What a peptide actually is
What a peptide is, why your body already uses them to send messages, and how they became a major focus in drug discovery.
Cellular
Mitochondrial peptides, cardiolipin and the NAD+ pool
Mitochondria carry their own DNA and code signalling peptides of their own. A separate class of compounds targets the inner membrane directly.